Presidential "Wills"
WillsPresidents.RdNumber of times a presidential candidate said "will," "shall," or "going to" in presidential debates from 1960-2004 (years incomplete).
Format
A data frame with 16 observations on the following 3 variables.
- candidate
a character vector with the candidate's name
- winner
a factor with levels
nyindicating whether the candidate won the electionyor not.- wills
a numeric vector
- loser.wills
a numeric vector
- difference
a numeric vector
- year
a numeric vector
Examples
WillsPresidents
#> candidate winner wills loser.wills difference year
#> 1 Kennedy y 163 122 41 1960
#> 2 Nixon n 122 NA NA 1960
#> 3 Carter y 68 32 36 1976
#> 4 Ford n 32 NA NA 1976
#> 5 Reagan y 19 18 1 1980
#> 6 Carter n 18 NA NA 1980
#> 7 Bush y 111 85 26 1988
#> 8 Dukakis n 85 NA NA 1988
#> 9 Clinton y 79 75 4 1992
#> 10 Bush n 75 NA NA 1992
#> 11 Clinton y 56 33 23 1996
#> 12 Dole n 33 NA NA 1996
#> 13 Bush y 68 48 20 2000
#> 14 Gore n 48 NA NA 2000
#> 15 Bush y 176 149 27 2004
#> 16 Kerry n 149 NA NA 2004